extension of services to insecure areas

Luiz Eduardo Soares

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Focus Area(s)
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1
Country of Reform
Interviewers
Richard Bennet
Name
Luiz Eduardo Soares
Interviewee's Position
National Secretary of Public Security
Interviewee's Organization
Rio de Janeiro
Language
English
Nationality of Interviewee
Brazilian
Place (Building/Street)
Municipal Valuation of Life and Prevention of Violence at Nova Iguacu
Town/City
Rio de Janeiro
Country
Date of Interview
Reform Profile
No
Abstract
In this interview, Dr. Luiz Eduardo Soares discusses police criminality, particularly extrajudicial killings, armed invasions, tortures and disrespect towards the poor, and the ideological and political barriers to police reform in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Initially, he describes the process of reforming Brazil’s state institutions during its transition out of a dictatorship. He addresses issues of political polarization and building consensus around reform projects, institutional disorganization, and community policing. Dr. Soares explains the successes of the UPP (Unidade Pacificadora da Policia) program and the GPAE (Grupamento de Policiamento em Areas Especiais) program in establishing secure neighborhoods and rooting out police corruption. In order to scale up the successes of the experimental peace policing initiatives in several of the favelas, Dr. Soares asserts the need for major institutional reform within the police, which would require significant political support. He also stresses the importance of empirical research methods to address social problems. 
 
Profile

At the time of this interview Dr. Luiz Eduardo Soares was the Secretary of Municipal Valuation of Life and Prevention of Nova Iguacu, Rio de Janeiro. He has served in numerous government positions dealing with issues of policing and public safety and in academic positions at various prestigious universities. After completing his Ph.D in Sociology and Political Science and researching and teaching for 15 years at IUPERJ (University Research Institute of Rio de Janeiro), Dr. Soares was appointed to a research position in security policy at ISER (Instituto de Estudos da Religião). In 2003, Dr. Soares became National Secretary of Public Security for Rio de Janeiro. Since occupying this position, he has overseen the implementation of internal police reform programs, such as the UPP and GPAE.

Full Audio File Size
150 MB
Full Audio Title
Dr. Luiz Soares Interview

Silvia Ramos

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Focus Area(s)
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3
Country of Reform
Interviewers
Richard Bennet
Name
Silvia Ramos
Interviewee's Position
Senior Staff Member
Interviewee's Organization
Center for Studies on Public Security and Citizenship
Language
English
Nationality of Interviewee
Brazilian
Town/City
Rio de Janeiro
Country
Date of Interview
Reform Profile
No
Abstract
Silvia Ramos discusses the service aspects of the Pacifier Police Unit (Unidade Pacificadora da Policia, UPP) program, the difficulties in coordinating the state and municipal governments and strategies to integrate civil society and the local business community into governmental development programs. Ramos describes a multidisciplinary approach to issues of crime and policing in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro, including partnering at-risk young people in the favelas with companies to increase skill sets and employment levels, community policing, and distributing services and resources equally among favelas and middle-class neighborhoods. Overall she explains how the problems in the favelas affected all Rio de Janeiro residents and praises the success of simple police strategies. 
 
Profile

Silvia Ramos headed Rio de Janeiro’s Center for Studies on Public Security and Citizenship (Centro de Estudos de Segurança e Cidadania / CESeC). In this position, she actively oversaw the implementation of the UPP (Unidade Pacificadora da Policia) program. Silvia Ramos was a founder of the Brazilian Interdisciplinary Aids Association (ABIA) and was scientific coordinator of the Visiting Researcher Program of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation in partnership with FAPERJ (Rio de Janeiro State Foundation to Support Research). She was a consultant to various nongovernmental organizations and advised the deputy secretary for public security in the State of Rio de Janeiro on programs to protect minorities and the environment. She is also on the board of directors for Altus global alliance, which focuses on public safety and justice. She earned a master's in psychology from the Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro.

Full Audio File Size
62 MB
Full Audio Title
Silvia Ramos Interview

Asserting the Presence of the State, One Step at a Time: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008-2010

Author
Richard Bennet
Country of Reform
Abstract

Beginning in the late 1980s, Rio de Janeiro suffered increasing urban violence as the drug trade moved south from the Caribbean.  The favelas, shantytowns and slums on the hillsides surrounding Brazil's second-largest city, saw a rise in both inter-gang violence and clashes between police and drug traffickers.  Innocent bystanders often died in the crossfire.  In 2007, working with the support of the governor, the state's secretary for public security, José Mariano Beltrame, and his colleagues tried a new approach.  Instead of repeated military-style interventions to oust the traffickers, Beltrame created the Unidade de Polícia Pacificadora  (UPP, or Peace Police Unit), to provide a continuous police presence and help extend the reach of the government into contested areas.  Beltrame's team rolled out the program on a pilot basis and identified communities where early success would boost the image of the government in the eyes of Rio's population.  This case study outlines the development of the new approach, the problems encountered in implementation, and some of the results from the pilot program's opening months. 

Richard Bennet drafted this case study on the basis of interviews conducted in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in August and September 2010. Case published December 2010.

Associated Interview(s):  Silvia Ramos, Luiz Eduardo Soares