Ellen Johnson Sirleaf

Abraham Simmons

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ZF
Focus Area(s)
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3
Country of Reform
Interviewers
Jonathan (Yoni) Friedman
Name
Abraham Simmons
Interviewee's Position
Managing Director
Interviewee's Organization
Roberts International Airport, 2007-2009
Language
English
Town/City
Monrovia
Country
Date of Interview
Reform Profile
No
Abstract

Abraham Simmons discusses his experience as the managing director of Roberts International Airport from 2007 to 2009. He describes the situation of the airport in 2007 as in dire need of renovation, improved services, and financial reform. He notes that his first action as director was to create a clear definition of each position and to establish an understanding of responsibilities. Through the help of foreign consultants Simmons was also able to create an airport operations manual to aid this process. Simmons then discusses the new training programs implemented from 2007 to 2009. He then adds detail in to the challenges that surrounded financing of reforms and new equipment for the airport. With this, he sheds light on efforts to bring the airport up to international compliance. He concludes his discussion with information about a functional review process as an effort to make the operation of the airport more transparent. He also speaks about a new, clearer promotion system that would standardize hiring and firing of employees.  

Case Study:  Getting Reforms Off the Ground: Roberts International Airport, Liberia, 2006-2009  

Profile

Abraham Simmons was the managing director of the Roberts International Airport from 2007 to 2009. He had previously worked with McDonald Douglas, UPS Air Group, VOLPAR Incorporated and Air Liberia. Although two years retired in 2007, Simmons took the position of managing director of Roberts International Airport in order to implement various reforms in compliance with international standards.

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55 MB
Full Audio Title
Abraham Simmons Interview

Momo Rogers

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1
Country of Reform
Interviewers
Michael Scharff
Name
Momo Rogers
Interviewee's Position
Director General
Interviewee's Organization
Cabinet Secretariat, Liberia
Language
English
Nationality of Interviewee
Liberia
Town/City
Monrovia
Country
Date of Interview
Reform Profile
No
Abstract

Momo Rogers describes his work as Director General of Liberia’s Cabinet Secretariat. He traces the changes he made to improve the cabinet’s processes and his office’s relationships with the ministers. Staff from the African Governance Initiative (AGI) helped throughout the work he describes. His first order of business for the new ministry was shortening cabinet meetings. He implemented processes such as including indicative timing in the meeting’s agenda, producing a manual for cabinet ministers, and improving communication with the cabinet, and he details each change in this interview. By providing two to five page summaries of the lengthy policy documents, Rogers says he helped the cabinet ministers be more prepared for their meetings, make their work more efficient. As he explains, he improved the communication between the Cabinet Secretariat and the ministers by utilizing email and text messaging as well as by establishing personal relationships. He describes the trust and positive working relationships he set up, and how these contribute to his working and the cabinet’s overall functioning. For the future of the Cabinet Secretariat, Rogers hopes in addition to maintain their role as a facilitator, his office can be more involved in policy planning, particularly the early stages. In describing his own work, he talks about fostering a positive, productive relationship between the president and the cabinet and between the president and him, which he says improves as he becomes more familiar with those with whom he works.     

Case Study: Improving Decision Making at the Center of Government: Liberia's Cabinet Secretariat, 2009-2012

Profile

Momo Rogers was Director General of the Cabinet Secretariat at the time of this interview, after President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf called him to this position in 2009. Prior to this homecoming, Rogers was a journalism professor at several U.S. institutions, including Middle Tennessee State University and Delaware State College (now Delaware State University). He had previously taught at the University of Liberia, where he developed the department of Mass Communication. Early in his career he worked at the Ministry of Information, Cultural Affairs, and Tourism. He received his doctorate in journalism and mass communication from Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, with an emphasis on international communication and media history. He holds a master’s degree in journalism from Ohio State and a bachelor’s degree in economics from Lincoln University.       

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Natty B. Davis

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2
Critical Tasks
Country of Reform
Interviewers
MIchael Scharff
Name
Natty B. Davis
Interviewee's Position
Chairman
Interviewee's Organization
National Investment Commission, Liberia
Language
English
Nationality of Interviewee
Liberian
Town/City
Monrovia
Country
Date of Interview
Reform Profile
No
Abstract

Honorable Natty B. Davis discusses the formation of Liberia’s Philanthropy Secretariat. He describes how the secretariat aimed to capitalize on all of the good will and support surrounding President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf. Davis saw a need to coordinate with the donors and philanthropic organizations interested in supporting Liberia’s growth. His goals were to inform donors and facilitate their work, so the Secretariat consisted of a staff dedicated to following up on donors’ interest and coordinating their support, Davis explains. Additionally, they worked to reach out to potential new donors. Davis explains that aligning donor activity with the President’s priorities was the Secretariat’s focus.    

Case Study: Matching Goodwill with National Priorities: Liberia's Philanthropy Secretariat, 2008-2012

Profile

At the time of this interview, the Honorable Natty B. Davis was the chairman of the National Investment Commission. He discusses his time as Minister of State without Portfolio, during which he created the Philanthropy Secretariat. He had previously served as the national coordinator of the Liberia Reconstruction and Development Committee (LRDC). He served as deputy minister of commerce as well as coordinator of the Ministry of Finance’s Economic Financial Management Committee. Davis has worked as a consultant for a variety of international development projects, including UNAIDS and UNDP (United Nations Development Program). His background also includes private sector experience.

Full Audio File Size
26 MB
Full Audio Title
Hon. Natty B Davis - Full Interview

Getting Reforms Off the Ground: Roberts International Airport, Liberia, 2006-2009

Author
Jonathan (Yoni) Friedman
Country of Reform
Abstract
When Ellen Johnson Sirleaf took office as president of Liberia in January 2006, just a few years after the end of a 14-year civil war, the nation’s largest airport was in financial tatters. Roberts International Airport was deep in debt and reliant on government subsidies to operate, it had no auditable trail of revenues and expenditures, and it suffered from a bloated payroll, a severe skills shortage and a culture of corruption. The United States Agency for International Development had pledged support for Roberts, but corruption throughout Liberia’s transitional government between 2003 and 2005 concerned the agency. Under the Governance and Economic Management Assistance Program (GEMAP), an agreement between international donors and the Liberian government, Liberian Alexander Cuffy, an internationally recruited financial controller, worked to stop the diversion of donor money from Roberts to private pockets and implement a system of controls to improve financial management. Between 2006 and 2009, Cuffy worked with Julius Dennis and Abraham Simmons, successive managing directors at Roberts, to implement a series of reforms to make the airport viable again. They established financial controls that helped bolster the airport’s financial position, eliminated unnecessary workers, trained the remaining staff, wrote a complete operating manual, and purchased much-needed equipment with U.S. and World Bank financial support. With these reforms in place, Roberts met International Civil Aviation Organization standards, and U.S. regulators approved the facility to handle flights to and from America. This case illuminates some of the steps required to produce an agency turnaround in a post-conflict setting.
 
Jonathan Friedman drafted this case study on the basis of interviews conducted in Monrovia, Liberia, during June and July 2011. Case published October 2011.
 
Associated Interview(s): Abraham Simmons

Matching Goodwill with National Priorities: Liberia's Philanthropy Secretariat, 2008-2012

Author
Michael Scharff
Focus Area(s)
Country of Reform
Internal Notes
Correction: Previously published draft incorrectly stated the goals Natty Davis set when he launched the Philanthropy Secretariat. New draft formatted and posted by Sarah Torian. 10.18.12
Abstract

After a protracted civil war ended in 2003, Liberia’s government began the costly and complex task of rebuilding. During the early years, philanthropies and foundations stepped forward to help but often worked on isolated projects that had little to do with Liberia’s broader needs. In addition, some donors duplicated the efforts of others or, worse, worked at cross-purposes. At the same time, government capacity was severely strained. Many experienced and skilled civil servants had died in the war or fled the country, and those who remained were swamped with work. When she took office in 2006, President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf knew philanthropies and private foundations could help her achieve ambitious development goals. But although she had a strategic plan and concrete funding priorities, Sirleaf lacked the time and organizational means required to integrate private donors’ resources into the overall effort. After struggling with the problem early in her first term, Sirleaf assigned one of her most trusted advisers, Natty Davis, to work directly with private donors, enlist new contributors and channel philanthropic investments toward government priorities without burdening her office or ministers with repeated information requests and meetings. Davis created the Philanthropy Secretariat within the Office of the President to match donors with local nongovernmental organizations or government ministries on projects of mutual interest. By 2012 and despite shortcomings, the new unit had succeeded in linking more than a dozen new foundations and philanthropies with local organizations and government institutions. The funders gave more than US$16 million in grants, admittedly a small sum compared with annual contributions by multilateral and bilateral donors but still significant in helping the country move forward.

Michael Scharff drafted this case study based on interviews conducted in Monrovia, Liberia and the United States in April and May 2012. Case originally published August 2012. Correction appended and case republished October 2012.
 
Associated Interview(s):  Dan Hymowitz

Improving Decision Making at the Center of Government: Liberia's Cabinet Secretariat, 2009-2012

Author
Michael Scharff
Focus Area(s)
Country of Reform
Abstract
When Momo Rogers became director general of Liberia’s Cabinet Secretariat in June 2009, he thought the office could begin to support President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf and her team of ministers much more effectively than it had done previously. Cabinet offices generally aimed to improve the quality of decision making and coordination at the center of government. That function was especially important in Liberia, where President Sirleaf wanted to advance an ambitious development agenda—six years after the end of a protracted civil war—yet before Rogers stepped into his role, many Cabinet meetings were long and unfocused and often yielded few tangible results. For example, policy decisions reached in the Cabinet meetings were not often communicated to the people responsible for implementing policy. Moreover, the relevance of decisions about the government’s priorities was sometimes unclear even to those who had participated in the meetings. Recognizing those challenges, Sirleaf tasked Rogers with responsibility for making the office—and the Cabinet itself—work better. Rogers built a team at the Secretariat and introduced procedural changes like circulating agendas and policy papers in advance of Cabinet meetings. By 2012, the Cabinet was functioning more effectively: agendas circulated in advance, discussions were more focused, and the Secretariat followed up on action items agreed to in the meetings. But shortcomings remained, including a persistent need to improve the quality of policy proposals submitted to Cabinet.
 

Michael Scharff drafted this case study based on interviews conducted in Monrovia, Liberia, and the United States in April and May 2012. Case published in September 2012. 

Associated Interview(s):  Momo Rogers