Viet Nam

Jay Wysocki

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Focus Area(s)
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3
Country of Reform
Interviewers
David Hausman
Name
Jay Wysocki
Interviewee's Position
Local Governance Adviser
Interviewee's Organization
United Nations Development Programme, Vietnam
Language
English
Nationality of Interviewee
American
Town/City
Hanoi
Country
Date of Interview
Reform Profile
No
Abstract
Jay Wysocki talks about civil service reforms in Vietnam.  The main impetus for the reforms was the Thai Binh riots involving corrupt government officials and land appropriation.  Other factors included the inflow of foreign direct investment that required political and administrative changes, the need for a growing economy to absorb the rising number of people in the job market, and the improvement of public services.  The reforms focused on institutions, performance, staffing and organizational structure.  Wysocki explains the capacity-building programs at the National Academy of Public Administration.  He also discusses decentralization and the privatization or “socialization” of services like education and healthcare.  The reform process was affected by corruption and lack of empirical data, which complicated program evaluations. 
Profile

At the time of this interview, Jay Wysocki was the United Nations Development Programme's local governance adviser in Vietnam. He first came to Vietnam in 1995 to participate in a British project run by Oxfam. He later designed a project to improve the quality of public administration training at the National Academy of Public Administration. He also served as the project’s chief technical adviser.  

Full Audio File Size
99.4MB
Full Audio Title
Jay Wysocki Interview

Jairo Acuña-Alfaro

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Focus Area(s)
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1
Country of Reform
Interviewers
David Hausman
Name
Jairo Acuña-Alfaro
Interviewee's Position
Policy Adviser
Interviewee's Organization
United Nations Development Programme
Language
English
Nationality of Interviewee
Costa Rican
Town/City
Hanoi
Country
Date of Interview
Reform Profile
No
Abstract

Jairo Acuña-Alfaro discusses Vietnam’s past and, at the time of the interview, ongoing and future efforts to reform the civil service. He discusses the Vietnamese public sector’s shortcomings, including corruption, nepotism, politicization, low salaries, and a lack of clear job descriptions. He describes what Vietnam is doing to modernize its civil service by introducing merit-based considerations in recruitment and promotions; to encourage professionalism by restructuring and formalizing the civil service and improving performance management; to improve service delivery through decentralization, consolidation, and the establishment of one-stop shops; and to curtail corruption by enacting pay reform and monetizing benefits. He also discusses challenges specific to Vietnam, including the politicization of civil service through the single-party system, rigid hierarchism and the consequent lack of initiative from subordinates, and other cultural factors. Finally, Acuña-Alfaro emphasizes the establishment of best practices as key to reforming a country’s civil service.    

Case Study:  Measuring Citizen Experiences: Conducting a Social Audit in Vietnam, 2009-2013

Profile

At the time of this interview, Jairo Acuña-Alfaro had been working for the United Nations Development Programme since 2007. Prior to that, he had worked with the UNDP in Costa Rica; with the World Bank in Washington, D.C.; and at the World Bank Institute, where he studied governance and anticorruption. Acuña-Alfaro earned a doctoral degree in political economy from Oxford University.

Full Audio File Size
61MB
Full Audio Title
Jairo Acuña-Alfaro Interview