Mozambique

Miguel de Brito

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Focus Area(s)
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2
Country of Reform
Interviewers
Amy Mawson
Name
Miguel de Brito
Interviewee's Position
Mozambique country director
Interviewee's Organization
Electoral Institute of Southern Africa (EISA)
Language
English
Nationality of Interviewee
Mozambican
Place (Building/Street)
Electoral Institute of Southern Africa
Town/City
Maputo
Country
Date of Interview
Reform Profile
No
Abstract

Miguel de Brito reflects on how the 1994 election in Mozambique was administered.  He highlights the important roles of both the international community and the Comissão Nacional de Eleições (CNE, or National Election Commission).  He talks about the difficulties the CNE faced in building consensus and how the CNE’s first chairman managed to overcome those difficulties. He offers observations on how the immediate post-conflict environment in 1994 shaped the administration of the elections and what impact this legacy had on subsequent elections.  He also touches on the evolution of the Mozambican election dispute resolution mechanism.

Case Study:  Compromise and Trust-Building After Civil War: Elections Administration in Mozambique, 1994

Profile

At the time of this interview, Miguel de Brito was Mozambique country director for the Electoral Institute of Southern Africa, a position he had held for three years.  He began his career as a researcher at the International Relations Institute of Mozambique in 1994.  In 1995 he started working for the United Nations Development Programme, where he worked on a comparative research project called War-Torn Societies.  De Brito spent seven years working as a senior democracy and governance adviser at the U.S. Agency for International Development office in Maputo before joining EISA.

Full Audio File Size
63.9MB
Full Audio Title
Miguel de Brito- Full interview

Alfredo Gamito

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10
Country of Reform
Interviewers
Itumeleng Makgetla
Name
Alfredo Gamito
Interviewee's Position
Chairman, Commission on Public Administration, Local Power and the Mass Media
Interviewee's Organization
National Assembly of Mozambique
Language
Portuguese
Nationality of Interviewee
Mozambican
Town/City
Maputo
Country
Date of Interview
Reform Profile
No
Abstract

Alfredo Gamito describes his experience as Mozambique's minister of state administration, which involved implementing a reform program to modernize, professionalize and decentralize the administration. He describes the steps that the ministry took to integrate individuals nominated by the opposition RENAMO party into the state administration, describing in particular the training that these new civil servants underwent. Gamito additionally discusses the process of determining which cities the government would designate as municipalities ahead of the country’s first municipal elections in 1998.

Case Study:  Embracing the Power of Tradition: Decentralization in Mozambique, 1992-2000

Profile

Alfredo Gamito served as the minister of state administration in Mozambique from 1995 to 2000. In this position, he managed a broad reform agenda that included decentralizing the state administration as well as professionalizing the civil service. Gamito began his career in the private sector before being appointed as the secretary of the state cashew company. He also served as the vice minister of agriculture and the governor of Nampula province. At the time of this interview, Gamito was a member of the National Assembly,where he was chairman of the Commission on Public Administration, Local Power and the Mass Media.

Full Audio File Size
98.3MB
Full Audio Title
Alfredo Gamito- Full Interview

Ismael Valigy

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Focus Area(s)
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10
Country of Reform
Interviewers
Amy Mawson
Name
Ismael Valigy
Interviewee's Position
Member
Interviewee's Organization
Mozambique's Central Election Commission, 1994
Language
English
Nationality of Interviewee
Mozambican
Town/City
Maputo
Country
Date of Interview
Reform Profile
No
Abstract
Ismael Valigy talks about his role on Mozambique’s election commission in 1994, when he helped oversee the country’s first free and fair elections after a long civil war.  He begins by providing background information on the challenges that negotiators faced in 1993 while drafting the country’s new electoral law.  He goes on to discuss the pivotal role played by the election commission’s chairman, Brazao Mazula, who managed to build consensus among political adversaries within the commission when it began operating in 1994.  Valigy explains in detail the sequencing of different parts of the electoral process, and how discussions within the election commission evolved.  He talks about some of the obstacles the commission encountered, including difficulties accessing rural areas and a last-minute boycott by the main opposition party.  Valigy also highlights the important role that the international community played in financing and supporting Mozambique’s first elections.
 
Profile

Ismael Valigy began his career at the Ministry of Education in the late 1970s. In 1990 he began working as a diplomat at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Two years later, during the Mozambican peace negotiations that spanned the early 1990s, Valigy was invited to represent the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in a group that the government established to help organize the country’s first election after a 15-year civil war. In late 1993 the ruling party nominated Valigy to serve on the country’s newly established Central Election Commission.  After the elections he continued his career as a diplomat, which included a posting to Washington, D.C. 

Full Audio File Size
79MB
Full Audio Title
Ismael Valigy Interview